On this day 250 years ago in the Revolution — April 29, 1776

On this day 250 years ago in Albany, New York, Capt. Jeduthan Baldwin recorded in his journal that he

attended a Treaty between the Indians & Inglish, present a Comtt. of the City & county of Albany, Genl. Thomson & some other officers of the army & about 130 Chiefs & wariers from 2 Tribes of Mohawks, Oniadas, Tuskaroras, onondagos & Kiogos. the Indians were all seated in a large hall, when we went in they arose singly & came round in there turn & Shook hands with all of us, after this serimony was over we were all seated, the chairman of our Comtt arose & welcomd them to this place, was glad to see them in health & peace, & it gave us pleasure to have an opertunity to Smoak a pipe & drink togeather, & then sot down, pipes were brought for every Man with tobaco, then one of the Chiefs arose & said that they were glad to see so many of us there bretheren well & that they had an opertunity to Smoak a pipe with us, then a kind of Quaker meeting lasted near \ an hour, except some little conversation, Drank some Toddy togeather & then the Genl. Said he supposed that they were Tired with there Long Journey, that they had better sit & refresh themselves with some liqhquer that he Should order, that he Should call them togeather tomorrow, to Smoak a pipe togeather & have some further Conversation as Brothers, & then we withdrew from such a sent (proseeding from the Indians & Tobaco smoak, the room being Crowded), as you can have but a faint Idea of. at night the Indians had a great Dance.

Baldwin was an Assistant Engineer who General Washington had ordered to Canada to prepare fortifications for the Continental Army and was on his way north to Canada at that time. He did not know that he had been promoted to Lieutenant Colonel but would learn nine days later of his promotion. Later that year Baldwin would be promoted to Colonel and assist in engineering fortifications at Ticonderoga and West Point, serving until the end of the War.

Sources: The Revolutionary Journal of Col. Jeduthan Baldwin, 1775-1778, edited by Thomas Williams Baldwin, Bangor, Maine: De Burians (1906) at pp. 38-39, accessed at https://archive.org/details/financingofaswan00unit/page/n115/mode/2uphttps://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/baldwin-jeduthan

On this day 250 years ago in Philadelphia, the Continental Congress instructed the Committee of Indian Affairs “to prepare a plan of an expedition against Fort Detroit” and further

Resolved, That no Traders ought to go into the Indian country without license from the agent in the department; and that care be taken to prevent exorbitant prices for goods being exacted from the Indians.

Resolved, That a ton of powder be sent to Mr. G[eorge] Morgan, to be distributed to such Indians as the agent shall be convinced are in our interest.

Resolved, That measures be immediately taken to procure goods to supply the Indians at the treaties ordered to be held with them.

Resolved, That the Line between the Indians and these Colonies, agreed upon at Fort Stanwix, ought to be adhered to, and no Surveys or Encroachments made of their Lands.  And that the late Attempt to survey Montours Island on the Ohiom, is unjustifiable and ought immediately to be cancelled.

Unfortunately for the Native Americans, the Continental Congress did not enforce these Resolutions and subsequent Congresses abandoned them altogether.

Sources: https://americanfounding.org/entries/second-continental-congress-april-29-1776/; https://www.jstor.org/stable/27766115?seq=1


Leave a comment